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Propane conversions can be fitted to all types of vehicles, but have the most
significant impact on high mileage vehicles. The new and more sophisticated fuel-management systems will improve
performance, lower emissions levels and yield even better fuel-economy.
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The supply of propane to the engine is controlled by a regulator or vapourizer
which converts the liquid propane to a gaseous form. The gas is then fed to an air, fuel mixer located close to the
intake manifold where it is metered and mixed with filtered air before being drawn into the combustion chambers. As
the fuel, air mixture is completely gaseous, the cold start problems associated with liquid fuel are eliminated.
On a per unit of weight basis, liquid propane contains about five percent more
energy than gasoline; however, the density is 30% less. The net result is that a litre of propane (lighter) contains
about 28% less energy than a litre of gasoline. Propane has an octane rating of 110 and all propane sold in Canada is
classified HD 5, (less than 5% other gases, such as butane & methane).
With propane, a greater quantity is required to travel the same distance. But
because of its gaseous form, your engine runs more efficiently which helps offset the extra propane consumed. The
fact that propane is introduced to the combustion chamber as a vapour, a vehicle may actually run better on propane
than on gasoline in low-speed, light-throttle conditions, especially when cold.
The greatest environmental benefit comes from reduced evaporative losses,
including those which occur during refueling. This is because the propane fuel system is effectively sealed. As
well, the inherent tendency to form ground-level ozone is half that of gasoline and propane does not contain lead
or sulfur which contribute to acid rain.
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